Songhai Empire

 I found this interesting little article about the Empire of Songhai in Western Africa https://www.ducksters.com/history/africa/songhai_empire.php 

Spanking Harms

 A Washington Post article about how spanking harms

Shot for Desertion

 On 8 September 1914 Private Thomas Highgate aged 19 became the first British soldier to be shot for desertion during the First World War

Battle of Orsha

 On 8 September 1514, The Poles and Lithuanians defeated the Russians at the Battle of Orsha https://localhistories.org/a-brief-history-of-lithuania/

Elizabeth I

 Queen Elizabeth I was born on 7 September 1533 

Kettering

 Kettering began as an Anglo-Saxon village. Its name was Ketter ingas, which means the people of Ketter. Kettering was first mentioned in history in the year 956. Then in 972, the manor of Kettering was granted to the abbey at Peterborough.

Italy

 The first civilization in Italy was the Etruscan, which arose about 800 BC in central Italy. The Etruscans built cities on a grid pattern. Some of these cities still exist (including Arezzo, Chiusi, Cortona, Perugia, and Cerveteri). The Etruscans were also engineers who drained marshes and built roads. They were also skilled artists. The Etruscans made terracotta sculptures and worked in bronze. Their craftsmen also made jewelry of gold and silver.